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Cucurbita texana
''Cucurbita texana'', also known as ''Cucurbita pepo'' subsp. ''texana'' and Texas gourd, is a mesophyte plant species of the genus ''Cucurbita''. It is native to Texas, primarily the southeastern region.〔 It is only found in the wild.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://botany.csdl.tamu.edu/FLORA/flcp/flcp3.htm )〕 It is possibly a progenitor and close relative of the domesticated species ''Cucurbita pepo'', though it and wild ''C. pepo'' are native to different areas. ''Cucurbita fraterna'' is also closely related. It was first collected 1835 by J. L. Berlandier in southern Texas. It was formally described as ''Tristemon texanus'' by George Heinrich Adolf Scheele in 1848 and transferred to the genus ''Cucurbita'' by Asa Gray in 1850.〔〔
Its usual habitat is in or near sandy riverbeds.〔
The debate about the relationship of ''C. pepo'', ''C. fraterna'', and ''C. texana'' has been going on since at least 1857. ''C. pepo'' has more similarities to ''C. fraterna'' than it does to ''C. texana'' which is also claimed to be an ancestor of ''C. pepo''. The isozymes of ''C. pepo'' and ''C. fraterna'' are very similar. ''C. fraterna'' shares alleles with ''C. pepo'' at all 25 studied loci, indicating ''C. fraterna'' is the nearest relative of ''C. pepo''.〔 ''C. pepo'' is most likely an early domesticated form of ''C. fraterna''. It crosses well with both ''C. pepo'' and ''C. texana''. ''C. pepo'' could be a compilospecies of ''C. fraterna'' and ''C. texana'', which appear to be two species that were originally separate. Based on genetic allele analysis, there are two distinct groups within ''C. pepo'': pumpkin, calabaza, criolla, and marrow squash are in one, and ornamental gourds, crookneck squash, acorn squash, pattypan squash, and a few others are in the other. ''C. fraterna'' is genetically closer to the first group and ''C. texana'' is genetically closer to the second group. No obvious constraints to gene flow between ''C. texana'' and ''C. pepo'' cultivars have been observed, regardless of which was the male or female parent; there is a distinct lack of reproductive isolation. However, the early origins of ''C. pepo'' in Mexico are well documented.〔
== References ==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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